This book is the first comprehensive approach on COVID-19 cardiac complications, both during the acute phase as well as in the long-COVID period. It provides an up-to-date and highly illustrated summary of the biology of SARS-CoV-2, the course of COVID-19, risk factors that worsen the disease in COVID-19 patients, clinical features of COVID-19 patients, COVID-19 cardiological complications, treatment, and prevention methods, and long-term cardiological aspects of COVID-19.
Chapters provide the reader with a contemporary perspective on the emerging links between COVID-19 and cardiovascular disease. In addition, this volume discusses the clinical implications and therapeutic goals in patients with COVID-19 and cardiac complications, as well as possible therapeutic options. It also offers clear recommendations on how to manage (both non- and pharmacologically) to avoid the increased number of COVID-19 related deaths due to CVD and its risk factors.
Cardiovascular Complications of COVID-19 will be the primary resource for physicians, residents, fellows, and nursed and medical students in the fields of cardiology and COVID-19/infectious diseases as well as healthcare providers that initiate preventive activities and dedicated programs.
The hypothalamus is an anatomically small but functionally important part of the brain. In functional and pathophysiological terms, the hypothalamus represents the intersection of several areas of clinical and medical expertise. The human hypothalamus can be astutely referred to as the crossroad of endocrinology, psychiatry, neurology and neurosurgery. Because of its involvement in myriad physiologic functions and the varied ways disorders involving it can manifest, hypothalamic disease can initially come to medical attention in widely disparate settings and with widely different clinicians. Therefore, the detection and proper care of hypothalamic dysfunction and disease often requires carefully coordinated multidisciplinary care.
This volume fills a significant void in the medical professional community, comprehensively presenting the scope of hypothalamic structure, function, dysfunction and disease to cater to the various clinical, teaching and researchprofessionals that have a stake in this part of the human brain. This text captures in one place all the information that practicing clinicians, clinician scientists, and researchers need to be adequately informed about various aspects of the hypothalamus in all its complexity. It is comprehensive and broad in scope so that it provides relevant reference information for the wide range of professionals involved in the pre- and post-mortem detection, diagnosis, characterization, care and management of various hypothalamic disorders and diseases in addition to providing a sound anatomic and physiologic foundation of the normal human hypothalamus. The Human Hypothalamus can be used to differing degrees by medical professionals and students alike, finding utility for interested general clinicians, medical school and allied health professional teaching faculty as well as subspecialists in domains as wide as neurosurgery, neuroendocrinology, clinical psychiatry and neuro-oncology.
This comprehensive volume presents an approach based on cutting edge clinical science to the integration of healthy behaviors in clinical practice, using three major categories; healthy eating, active living, and mindfulness. Chapters are authored and edited by a select group of national and international experts in their respective fields who have developed these concepts for application in routine practice. All chapters are formatted to provide key learning points and summarized conclusions for easy reference. Topics include the DASH diet, plant based nutrition, the Mediterranean diet, beneficial herbs and spices, fitness, spirituality, meditation, healthy sleep, and disease prevention.
Nutrition, Fitness, and Mindfulness will be a useful guide for all clinicians and healthcare professionals encouraging patients to make more thoughtful and healthy lifestyle choices.
Currently, available information on pediatric and adolescent diabetes is limited to chapters in larger books covering the broader topic of pediatric endocrinology, and these do not have the space to delve into specific topics. This concise, timely book contains everything that a practicing provider needs to know in order to provide comprehensive, up-to-date care for children and adolescents with diabetes, from the latest methods for diagnosing various types of diabetes to integrating cutting-edge technology in the care of this patient population. Initial management, the use of insulin pumps, continuous glucose monitoring, and automated insulin delivery are discussed in detail, as are nutrition therapy, exercise, psychosocial challenges, acute and long-term complications, and future directions for treatment and research. Further, this book provides clinicians with guidelines for the implementation of best practices as outlined by leading associations such as the American Diabetes Association (ADA) and International Society of Pediatric and Adolescent Diabetes (ISPAD).
The Yale Children's Diabetes Program has been ranked among the best in the United States, including clinicians and researchers who are world-renowned for their efforts in improving the care of children with diabetes. This wealth of knowledge and experience positions the author team well as experts in this field.
This book on urologic ultrasound has proven to be beneficial to urologists in training and currently in practice, and is structured by organ system for the practice of urology in the outpatient/office setting. The second edition expands on current techniques and procedures, includes ultrasound images, and gives new information on the use of ultrasound for the diagnosis and management of male reproductive conditions. The updated edition also discusses ultrasound in the intraoperative setting, chapters on male reproduction, ultrasound protocols, and standards for urologic practices performing ultrasound.
Bolstered with detailed illustrations and contributions from experts in the field, Practical Urologic Ultrasound, Second Edition is an authoritative and practical reference for all urologists worldwide in their mission to provide excellence in patient care.
This volume provides methods on procedures for assessing the biosafety aspects of probiotics. Chapters are divided into five parts detailing in vitro biosafety assessment, biogenic amine production, D-lactic acid production, toxin production, production of various enzymes, determination of toxicity, mutagenicity, virulence genes, capsule formation, hemolytic activity, DNAse activity, bile salt deconjugation, antibiotic resistance, antibiotic resistance gene transfer, mucin degradation, platelet aggregation, and in vivo biosafety assessment of probiotics including determination of infectivity, reproductive and developmental toxicity, and evaluation of immunological parameters in animal models.
Authoritative and cutting-edge, Biosafety Assessment of Probiotic Potential aims to be a foundation for future studies and to be a source of inspiration for new investigations in the field.
This book comprehensively covers chronic lung disease and cardiovascular disease and their influence on one another including the epidemiology, physiology, risk factors, pathophysiology, clinical features, diagnostic issues including laboratory and imaging tests, and therapeutic considerations. How the diseases specifically overlap is explored in detail, covering presentation, symptoms, clinical examination findings, diagnostic test results, as well as a number of important medication interactions. The cardiovascular considerations in this book will include left ventricular systolic and diastolic dysfunction, pulmonary hypertension and right ventricular disease, as well as cardiac arrhythmias. The book also addresses extra-cardiac cardiovascular comorbidities such as cerebrovascular disease and peripheral arterial disease. Each chapter includes detailed illustrations as well as useful pearls and best practices, making this an ideal reference for pulmonologists, cardiologists,and residents caring for patients with increased risk for these comorbidities.
This book is a comprehensive guide to the diagnosis and management of all stages of pulmonary embolism, starting with acute and ending with chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension. Acute pulmonary embolism (PE) is responsible for 150-250,000 hospitalizations and 60-100,000 deaths each year in the United States, making it the third most common cause of cardiovascular death. Acute PE spans a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes mainly based on the right ventricle's (RV) capacity to tolerate strain. There have been many recent advances in the field of PE, including guidelines on classification and risk stratification, anticoagulation, as well as evolving areas in treatment options and follow up.The text begins with a review of the epidemiology and risk factors for PE. Chapters then delve into reviewing the decision pathways based on PE severity and treatment options, including the use of oral anticoagulation, systemic and catheter-directed thrombolysis, mechanical and surgical thrombectomy, and hemodynamic support with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation. The text then focuses on post-PE complications such as post-PE syndrome, chronic thromboembolic disease, and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH).This is an ideal guide for providers of lung health, including pulmonary and critical care physicians, cardiologists, thoracic and cardiovascular surgeons. Physician-trainees, physician assistants, nurses and respiratory therapists with interest in pulmonary disorders, cardiovascular disease, pulmonary embolism, critical care or pulmonary hypertension will also find great value in this comprehensive guide.
This book serves as the primary reference for precision medicine in the fields of pulmonary, critical care and sleep medicine by documenting principles written by experts in several aspects of precision medicine. It combines fundamental concepts of the field with state-of-the-art studies and how they translate into individual preventive, diagnostic and therapeutic plans. Precision medicine is focused on the integration of individual variability with disease prevention and treatment principles derived from population studies. This concept has risen to prominence in recent years in parallel with advances in genetics, molecular diagnostics and novel target-specific therapies. This fundamental shift in the approach to treatment has broad implications in how we prevent, diagnose and treat disease. Describing key concepts of precision medicine and relating these to pulmonary, critical care and sleep disorders is essential to educate relevant stakeholders and increase the impact of pulmonary precision medicine. The book is organized into seven sections: introduction; genetics; biomarkers; precise phenotyping; mobile health, wearables and telemedicine; precision therapeutics; and enabling widespread adoption of precision medicine. The chapters are organized with an introduction to the specific theme, followed by its basic concepts. They then delve into how these basic concepts relate to the larger theme of precision medicine, new precision medicine approaches to dealing with these problems, and key takeaway points. Liberally illustrated with images, figures, and tables, the text is thorough and intuitive for clinicians and researchers to learn the processes and applications of precision medicine. This is an ideal guide for clinicians to learn new precision medicine concepts in the fields of genetics, genomics, mobilehealth, and how they apply to their practice and their patients, as well as researchers seeking a basic understanding of precision medicine to assist in designing future research studies.
This book provides a comprehensive overview of the multisystem disease, cystic fibrosis, for both pediatric and adult patients. Written by experts in the field, the text outlines the progressive nature of CF as well as the impact of this autosomal recessive disease on the respiratory, gastrointestinal, endocrine, rheumatologic, and renal systems, as well as the patient's mental health. The book begins with a chapter describing the history of cystic fibrosis and how the face of this life-shortening disease has changed over the past several decades. The following chapters elucidate the pathophysiology of how cystic fibrosis impacts each organ system. Current management and therapeutics are detailed with step-by-step guidelines for clinicians. This book is unique in that it highlights the entire person, not just the respiratory system, with detailed inclusion of the patient perspectives throughout, informing practice standards and considerations. This is an ideal guide for pediatric and adult physicians who care for patients with cystic fibrosis, as well as respiratory therapists, physical therapists, nurses, nutritionists, and pharmacists who care for these patients.
Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS) remains an important cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, and the incidence is predicted to increase with the aging population Several clinical disorders can initiate ARDS, including pneumonia, sepsis, gastric aspiration and trauma but despite intense research over the past 40 years, we still have an incomplete understanding of the pathophysiology of the disease and treatment remains largely supportive. This book provides an overview of acute lung injury and repair, describes current animal models to study lung injury and reviews current methodologies to study and measure lung injury and repair. Special emphasis is given to state of the art techniques and methods and relevance to human disease. Acute Lung Injury and Repair: Scientific Fundamentals and Methods is a useful resource for physicians and scientists who are interested in experimental model systems for insight into ARDS pathogenesis and treatment strategies. ?
This book offers a comprehensive overview of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, an inherited condition that leads to lung disease in adults and liver disease in adults and children and is associated with chronic obstructive lung disease in adults. While it is a rare condition, the mechanisms underlying the clinical manifestations of this deficiency have been largely clarified. Treatment, however, is available only for the lung disease that arises from the condition, thus necessitating continued research into new and alternative therapeutic solutions. The book discusses the biology of alpha-1 antitrypsin, protein misfolding and polymerization, and diagnosis and treatment of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and its associated diseases. It concludes with a discussion of rare disorders linked to alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and the role of healthcare organizations in the treatment of these diseases. Written for pulmonary clinicians and scientists, Alpha-1 Antitrypsin: Role in Health and Disease is a valuable resource that sheds light on this rare disease.
This thoroughly updated edition covers all clinical aspects of neuroinflammation. The latest developments in pathogenesis and advances in treatment are provided, along with an understanding of the immune system's role and interactions between the activated immune cells, cerebral endothelial cells, and other main components of the immune cascade. Cutting-edge and authoritative, this volume offers practitioners a valuable resource for research and clinical practice.
This book provides a comprehensive framework for treatment and management of bronchopulmonary dysplasia. In recent years great strides have been made toward understanding the pathogenesis and clinical aspects of BPD, which is the most common chronic lung disease affecting infants. This one-stop resource is written by leading scientists and clinicians in the field, and chapters discuss the most recent developments in the basic scientific, translational, and clinical characteristics of the disease. Topics such as hyperoxia, pre- and post-natal inflammation, and genetics and biomarkers of BPD are included, as well as non-invasive ventilation techniques, nutrition, and radiology applications from pre-term birth to adulthood. The book closes with an in-depth look at emerging therapeutic options for prevention of BPD. Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia is an essential volume for all neonatologists, pediatric pulmonologists, and scientists interested in developmental disorders of the lung.
This book presents pulmonary outcomes of prematurity, from their emergence in infancy through to their consequences in adulthood. With an increasing number of preterm births and more infants surviving, there is now a larger population of adults with lung disease originating in infancy requiring specialized care. Looking at the whole group of preterm infants, not just those with bronchopulmonary dysplasia, this text covers a wide spectrum of pulmonary outcomes, including: pulmonary hypertension, wheezing, and alterations in sleep. The chapter authors focus on critically appraising what is and is not known about each outcome and suggest key questions that still need to be answered. Respiratory Outcomes in Preterm Infants: Sequelae from Infancy through Adulthood is an ideal reference for the multidisciplinary group that cares for these preterm infants and the adults they become, including: neonatologists, pediatric pulmonologists, pediatricians, adult pulmonologists, primary care physicians, nurses, and fellows.
Ultrasound in the Intensive Care Unit explores the current state of evidence supporting use of bedside ultrasound for procedural guidance and for the critical care-focused assessment of a variety of organ systems. This text covers standard practice areas, such as ultrasound guidance for vascular access in the ICU, as well as novel, less well-known applications such as the use of ultrasound for assessment of diaphragm function in patients with respiratory failure. As current ultrasound education is often dependent on widely varying local expertise, this book serves as a standard reference in what is at present a fragmented and challenging field of study for busy clinicians. By providing a comprehensive overview of the current state of critical care ultrasonography, with content contributed by experts in the field, this text will serve as a valuable resource that will allow education in critical care ultrasound to keep pace with the rapid technological growth that has driven this vital area of critical care medicine. Ultrasound in the Intensive Care Unit is essential reading for pulmonologists, practitioners in internal, hospitalist, and critical care medicine; educators and instructors in critical care ultrasound; and medical students, residents, and critical care trainees.
This book discusses normal sex-related differences in lung structure and function and the role these differences play in lung disease. New research on the effects of sex hormone signaling on specific cell types of the lung has begun to reveal how these hormones may drive or prevent lung disease. Expertly written chapters examine the effects of sex hormones on normal pulmonary structure and function, hormone signaling in lung health, and specific diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer. Gender, Sex Hormones, and Respiratory Disease: A Comprehensive Guide focuses on our current understanding and the gaps in research, with suggestions for future directions and implications for therapy. This book is a useful reference for pulmonologists and researchers and will prompt further inquiry aimed at improving overall lung health.
This book provides an overview of pulmonary hypertensive diseases, the current understanding of their pathobiology, and a contemporary approach to diagnosis and treatment. It discusses the definition and classification of these disorders and the epidemiology of pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH); explores the approach to diagnosis and evaluation via methods such as echocardiography, right heart catheterization, and cardiopulmonary exercise testing; describes the major drug classes used to treat PAH and the cell signaling pathways that they target as well as adjunct and investigative therapies; and highlights special situations that are particularly challenging in the management of PAH. Written by experts in their respective fields, Diagnosis and Management of Pulmonary Hypertension is a valuable resource for pulmonologists, cardiologists, and practitioners in internal medicine and critical care.
This book provides a unique frame work for examining acute lung syndromes that arise from hematologic disorders or is defined by a hematologic abnormality as a key feature. Acute lung processes arising from hematologic disorders can present as life-threatening conditions, and as such, the pulmonary physician or critical care physician are often directly involved in care or called upon to provide expertise. Chapters are organized into three sections, each with an emphasis on pathogenesis and current understanding of mechanisms. The text begins with the central theme of the lungs as the direct interface between the external environment and blood, description of individual components of the hematopoietic system, their function and relevance to the lungs. The second section outlines both benign and malignant primary hematologic disorders that can lead to acute pulmonary manifestations. The final section focuses on acute lung syndromes stemming from complications of transfusion and treatment. Chapters are presented in an easy-to-access format, providing information on diagnosis, management, and outcomes. This is a valuable resource for pulmonary fellows in training, pulmonologists, critical care physicians, and physicians involved in caring for patients in the ICU.
This book is an important new resource for clinicians caring for ventilator dependent children, who often have complex health care needs, are supported by advanced technology and are at high-risk of serious complications. Despite the complicated health care needs of children who rely on chronic respiratory support, there are few guidelines and little evidence available to guide the clinicians who care for these patients. This book covers the many aspects involved in the care of these complex children, with input from experts in the fields of pediatric pulmonology, intensive care, ethics, respiratory therapy, and nursing. In depth chapters provide an introduction to the use of chronic invasive and non-invasive ventilation in children and describe and review what is known about methods of delivering ventilator support, care of the chronically ventilated patient in the community , use of chronic ventilator support in patients with disorders commonly leading to respiratory failure and outcomes for patients and their caregivers. This book is intended to be useful not only for pediatric pulmonologists, but also for intensivists, cardiologists, physical medicine/rehabilitation specialists, nurses, respiratory therapists and the primary care physicians involved in the complexities of managing care for this unique group of special needs children.
Including comprehensive coverage of health disparities commonly encountered in pediatric and adult pulmonary, critical care, and sleep medicine, Achieving Respiratory Health Equality in the United States provides a definitive reference on this prominent issue. Expert authors explore questions such as: * What is the evidence that respiratory health disparities exist? * What do we know about the causes of the disparities? * What are the clinical implications? * What can be done to address the particular disparities and thus achieve health equality? Recognizing the magnitude of this problem, the American Thoracic Society (ATS) Executive Committee created a Health Equality Sub-Committee, with an initial mandate of defining respiratory health disparities and respiratory health equality in the United States. This book will follow the format of a workshop on respiratory health equality held before the 2015 ATS International Meeting and led by editor Juan Carlos Celedón. Written by the workshop presenters, this book focuses closely on major risk factors for health, specific respiratory diseases for which health disparities are known to occur, and potential approaches to eliminate such disparities. Achieving Respiratory Health Equality in the United States is a timely resource for researchers, clinicians, and public health practitioners in respiratory medicine.
This book presents a concise, evidence-based review of extracorporeal life support (ECLS) for adult diseases. It describes the use of ECLS with patients who are experiencing severe hypoxemic respiratory failure (ARDS and pneumonia), ventilatory failure (status asthmaticus and COPD), cardiogenic shock and circulatory or gas exchange failure following complications in cardiothoracic surgery, as well as its use as a bridge to lung transplant. Historically, clinicians have used ECLS as a last resort; however, this text details the technological improvements, evidence of improved outcomes and adverse consequences of alternative treatments that are causing this modality to be more commonly adopted. Topics include a description of the complex physiology and technology underlying ECLS; the evidence base for its use in specific clinical conditions; vascular access techniques; daily management of the circuit and patient; guidance regarding the weaning and decannulation process and recommendations for crisis management and rehabilitation related to ECLS. Extracorporeal Life Support for Adults is ideal reading for practicing physicians, nurses, perfusion specialists, therapists and critical care trainees who are considering whether to refer their patients for ECLS or are already providing ECLS and are seeking a practical reference to best practices and updated information.
This book discusses health disparities in respiratory medicine and suggests methods to reduce them. In the United States, health disparities are well documented in the care of patients with respiratory disorders, particularly among minorities who often have higher rates of disease and poorer health outcomes. Similarly, differences in health and health outcomes exist between differing socioeconomic groups, with lower income groups generally having poorer health and higher rates of chronic illness. Health Disparities in Respiratory Medicine investigates these differing outcomes through the complex connections between access and quality of treatment available to these groups. Chapters are organized around either causes, diseases, or types of care, including tobacco smoke exposure, environmental air quality, acute respiratory distress syndrome, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and end-of-life care. This volume is an ideal resource for pulmonologists, health care administrators, and policy makers who aim to understand disparities in respiratory medicine and take steps to improve the differences among groups.
This book discusses the role of genes, oncogenes, anti-oncogenes, free radicals, PUFAs, anti-oxidants, lipid peroxidation process, telomere, and angiogenesis on the origin of cancer, cell proliferation, and cancer in general. It includes a broad introduction to cancer cells; genes, oncogenes, and anti-oncogenes; and free radicals. In later chapters, it discusses in depth the relationship among free radicals, lipid peroxidation and anti-oxidants in cell proliferation. It also discusses aerobic and anaerobic metabolism and their relationship to cancer, as well as the Warburg effect and its potential in the development of new targets for cancer management. Based on these and other evidences, Molecular Biochemical Aspects of Cancer introduces a novel concept that suggests that selective enhancement of free radical generation in tumor cells could form a strategy to induce apoptosis of cancer cells employing bioactive lipids. It presents a new method of treatment ofcancer using in vitro, in vivo and clinical data. This book will interest oncologists, scientists, molecular biologists, life scientists.
